Diesel Fire-Fighting Pump Set In Accordance With UL/NFPA20 Standards
Diesel Fire-Fighting Pump Set In Accordance With UL/NFPA20 Standards
UL Introduction
UL (Underwrites Laboratories/Insurance Laboratory) is an independent certification body that sets product safety standards and tests the safety of products under these standards. UL has established testing laboratories in many countries to provide testing and certification services to customers. UL has standards in many areas such as building materials, food, lighting and fire protection systems.
Introduction to NFPA
NFPA (National Fire Protection Association/National Fire Protection Association) is an organization that formulates and publishes standards on fire protection and safety matters. It is a standard that must be implemented in the United States. It is the most cited, respected and applied standard in the world.
NFPA20 Introduction
“NFPA 20—Standard for Fixed Fire Pump Installations” is NFPA’s fire pump standard; it is a standard that establishes specifications, performance, and assembly rules for fire pumps and pump units, engine control systems, and auxiliary components. It not only puts forward requirements for the materials and performance of each component, but also puts forward requirements for the overall combination and installation.
- UL448 Technical requirements for fire pumps
- NFPA20 technical requirements for fire pumps
- Material requirements
- Performance requirements
Design requirements
A fire pump that obtains UL certification must have a flow rate specified in the specification. The parameters are as shown in the following table:
| gal/min | l/min | l/s | gal/min | l/min | l/s | |
| 25 | 95 | 1.58 | 1000 | 3785 | 63.1 | |
| 50 | 189 | 3.15 | 1250 | 4731 | 78.85 | |
| 100 | 379 | 6.31 | 1500 | 5677 | 94.6 | |
| 150 | 568 | 9.47 | 2000 | 7570 | 126.2 | |
| 200 | 757 | 12.6 | 2500 | 9462 | 157.7 | |
| 250 | 946 | 15.8 | 3000 | 11355 | 189.3 | |
| 300 | 1136 | 18.9 | 3500 | 13247 | 220.8 | |
| 400 | 1514 | 25.2 | 4000 | 15140 | 252.3 | |
| 450 | 1703 | 28.4 | 4500 | 17032 | 283.9 | |
| 500 | 1892 | 31.5 | 5000 | 18925 | 315.4 | |
| 750 | 2839 | 47.3 |
Examples of other key requirements:
(1) The impeller, impeller wear ring, impeller nut, casing wear ring, collar, gland, gland nut, gland bolt, bushing, pump bolt and set screw must be made of corrosion-resistant materials.
(2) There must be a permanently installed corrosion-resistant nameplate on the pump casing or bearings.
(3) The enclosure must have a drain plug made of stainless steel and at least 1/2 inch in size.
Performance requirements
(1) The pump must reach the rated flow rate provided in the table, and the minimum pressure must be 40psi (276kPa=2.76Bar).
(2) When the water outlet is tested at 150% of the rated flow rate, the outlet water pressure shall not be less than 65% of the rated pressure.
(3) The pump should be tested at rated engine speed.
(4) Performance curves include tests with closed valve, rated flow and 150% of rated flow.

Specification requirements
Due to the special importance of fire pumps, NFPA has developed standards for material specifications and performance specifications for pumps. Fire pumps need to comply with the requirements of NFPA20. Comparing specifications shows that there are very significant differences between general purpose pumps and fire pumps. For fire pumps, the focus is on reliability and maximization of net outlet pressure; for general-purpose pumps, the focus is on maximizing efficiency and economy.
For fire pumps listed in the specification, the optional flow parameter range is between 100-8000gpm. The nominal pressure value of the horizontal axis pump is 30-262psi (21m-181m), and the nominal pressure value of the vertical axis pump is 26-510psi (17mss-352m).
| Parameter range of certified pumps | ||||
| Pump type | Flow range | pressure range | ||
| gpm | m³/h | Psi | M | |
| Horizontal shaft end suction pump | 50-1250 | 11-284 | 58-203 | 40-140 |
| in-line | 50-750 | 11-170 | 43-164 | 30-113 |
| Horizontal center opening | 100-8000 | 22-1800 | 30-262 | 21-181 |
| vertical axis turbine | 250-5000 | 56-1135 | 25-510 | 17-352 |
- Pump body: Depending on the pressure level, the pump shell material must be GG25 gray cast iron or GGG40 ductile iron.
- Pump Impeller: According to NFPA 20, UL448 requirements, fire pumps must use impellers made of bronze or stainless steel casting materials. As with universal pumps, impellers made of gray cast iron material are never used.
- Pump shaft: The pump shaft must be made of AISI 316 stainless steel. In addition, the UL448 standard has more stringent design requirements for pump shafts.
- Seal: Must be equipped with packing gland, packing bearing must be able to accommodate at least five rows of packing.
- Bearing box: The bearings must be roller bearings lubricated with grease. It must run smoothly for at least 5,000 hours under maximum load.
| Basic materials according to NFPA20 | |
| Pump body | GG25/GGG 40 |
| impeller | bronze or stainless steel |
| shaft | AISI 316(UL448) |
| wear ring | bronze |
| Packing gland | bronze |
| ferrule | bronze |
| Sealing | Packing gland |
| Bearing box | Packing gland |
- According to NFPA20, the characteristic curve of a fire pump is determined by 3 points:
(1) Shut-off discharge pressure: The shut-off discharge pressure of the pump (valve closed state at zero flow) shall not exceed 140% of the rated pressure.
(2) Rating: The pump characteristic curve must pass the flow and pressure at or above the intersection point of the rating.
(3) Maximum load (overload): The pump must be able to operate at 150% of rated flow at a pressure of at least 65% of rated pressure.
- Water flow velocity is very important in fire pumps. According to NFPA20, within the specified flow range, the water flow velocity shall not exceed 3m/s. At the same time, in fire protection systems, the diameter of the pipe must also be selected based on this value.
- All measurements and calculations must be performed under clean water at 20°C.
- Engine power must be determined based on operating conditions, including 150% of rated flow.
- The manufacturer must water test each pump to demonstrate that the pump provides the specified performance and must issue a certificate indicating the test results. The certificate must contain pressure-flow, shaft power and efficiency curves.
- Each pump must have a nameplate indicating rated pressure, flow rate and speed.
- All pumps must be equipped with pressure gauges (pressure gauges, vacuum gauges) to display suction and discharge pressures and be installed at the center of the pump suction-discharge flange.
- All pumps must be equipped with a case relief valve that provides case cooling at shut-off discharge pressure.
- Pump-engine couplings and other moving parts must be closed with protective covers.

In the field of fire extinguishing:
- Hospital
- Office building
- Airport
- School
- Pharmaceutical factory
- Warehouse
- Industrial plant
working medium
Suitable for pumping clean water and seawater without solid particles. Meet specification requirements.
Design Features
- Single-stage end-suction centrifugal pump.
- Pump performance complies with UL448 and NFPA20 standards.
- The pump and engine are connected through a flexible coupling and fixed on the same base.
- The impeller, shaft and other rotating components can be disassembled for easy maintenance.
- Bolts, fixing screws and other parts that come into contact with the water in the pump are made of corrosion-resistant materials.
Model naming

Design specifications and certificates
| Material specifications | |
| Pump body | Ductile Iron |
| Oral ring | copper alloy |
| impeller | Stainless steel 304 |
| pump cover | Ductile Iron |
| Sealing | Packing seal |
| pump shaft | 20Cr13 |
| suspension body | cast iron |

Model parameter table
| serial number | model | Rated flow | Rated pressure | gal/min | l/min | Rotating speed rpm |
Available power kW |
| gpm | L/s | m | psi | ||||
| 1 | KEF-100-250 | 250~300 | 15.8~18.9 | 44.5~78 | 63~111 | 2960 | 18.5~30 |
| 2 | KEF-100-280 | 250~300 | 15.8~189 | 77~92.5 | 109~132 | 2960 | 30~37 |
| 3 | KEF-100-320 | 250~300 | 15.8~18.C | 91.5~135 | 130~192 | 2960 | 45~75 |
| 4 | KEF-125-250 | 400~500 | 25.2~31.5 | 41.5~66 | 59~94 | 2960 | 22~45 |
| 5 | KEF-125-280 | 400~500 | 25.2~31.5 | 62~93.5 | 88~133 | 2960 | 45~75 |
| 6 | KEF-125-320 | 400~500 | 25.2~31.5 | 89.5~130.5 | 127~186 | 2960 | 55~90 |
| 7 | KEF-150-250 | 750 | 47.3 | 44.5~68 | 63~97 | 2960 | 30~55 |
| 8 | KEF-150-280 | 750 | 47.3 | 70.5~90 | 100~129 | 2960 | 55~75 |
| 9 | KEF-150-320 | 750~1000 | 47.3~63.1 | 90~126.5 | 128~180 | 2960 | 75~110 |

In the field of fire extinguishing:
- Hospital
- Office building
- Airport
- School
- Pharmaceutical factory
- Warehouse
- Industrial plant
working medium
Suitable for pumping clean water and seawater without solid particles. Meet specification requirements.
Design Features
- Horizontal single-stage double-suction centrifugal pump.
- Pump performance complies with UL448 and NFPA20 standards.
- The inlet and outlet flanges are located on the same axis.
- Easy to install.
- It has the advantage of low NPSH characteristics.
- The pump and engine are connected through a flexible coupling and fixed on the same base.
- The sealing ring is made of copper alloy, and the impeller and shaft are made of stainless steel
Model naming

Design specifications and certificates
| Material specifications | |
| Pump body | Ductile Iron |
| Oral ring | copper alloy |
| impeller | Stainless steel |
| pump cover | Ductile Iron |
| Sealing | Packing seal/mechanical seal |
| pump shaft | 20Cr13 |
| Bearing body | cast iron |
| Shaft sleeve | 304 |
| O-ring | NBR |
| Flush the line | 304 |

Model parameter table
| serial number | model | Rated flow | Rated pressure | gal/min | l/min | Rotating speed rpm |
Available power kW |
| gpm | L/s | m | psi | ||||
| 1 | KSF-80-350N | 500 | 31.5 | 66~183 | 92~260 | 2980 | 55~200 |
| 2 | KSF-80-350 | 500 | 31.5 | 104~181 | 147~257 | 2980 | 90~185 |
| 3 | KSF-100-322J | 500~750 | 31.5~47.3 | 29~36 | 42~51 | 1480 | 30~37 |
| 4 | KSF-150-235 | 500~750 | 31.5~47.3 | 51~77 | 73~110 | 2980 | 45~90 |
| 5 | KSF-100-322N | 500~750 | 31.5~47.3 | 74~147 | 105~209 | 2980 | 75~160 |
| 6 | KSF-200-367 | 1000~1500 | 63.1~94.6 | 30~48 | 43~69 | 1485 | 55~90 |
| 7 | KSF-250-445 | 1500~2500 | 94.6~157.7 | 42~70 | 60~99 | 1485 | 110~200 |
| 8 | KSF-200-690 | 2000~2500 | 126.2~157.7 | 110~174 | 157~247 | 1490 | 355~630 |
| 9 | KSF-250-362 | 2500~3000 | 157.7~189.3 | 28~39 | 40~55 | 1485 | 90~132 |
| 10 | KSF-300-395 | 2500~3000 | 157.7~189. | 35~51 | 50~73 | 1485 | 110~16C |
| 11 | KSF-250-502 | 2500~3000 | 157.7~189.3 | 54~86 | 77~122 | 1490 | 185~315 |
| 12 | KSF-200-654 | 3000~3500 | 189.3~220.8 | 97~147 | 138~209 | 1490 | 400~800 |

Design Features
- UL certified, specifically for fire protection systems.
- Equipped with “overspeed parking device”, when the engine overspeeds, it can automatically stop the engine.
- Equipped with engine instrument box, which can display speed, oil pressure, oil temperature, water temperature, voltage, current, and operating hour meter.
- Power supply.
The battery contactor can be manually operated mechanically to start the motor in the event of a control circuit failure.
- Certified diesel engine type
– Water/air cooling (with radiator)
– Water cooling (with heat exchanger, external cooling water pipeline)
Model table
| serial number | model | rated power kW |
Rotating speed rpm |
brand |
| 1 | WDJ86B7-4 | 74 | 1500 | Wuxi Power |
| 2 | WJ70TAB13 | 132 | 1500 | |
| 3 | WDJ129TB16-1 | 162 | 1500 | |
| 4 | WD129TAB23L | 235 | 1500 | |
| 5 | WD145TAB35 | 353 | 1500 | |
| 6 | WD269TAB45L | 465 | 1500 | |
| 7 | WD269TAB56L | 562 | 1500 | |
| 8 | WX287TAB68 | 682 | 1500 | |
| 9 | WD327TAB82L | 820 | 1500 | |
| 10 | CFP-CQ38E | 781 | 1500 | Chongqing Cummins |

Design Features
- Passed UL certification, special control cabinet for diesel engine fire pump.
- The main components include two chargers and a diesel fire pump controller.
- The controller and charger are UL certified.
- Function:
Start the diesel engine manually or automatically, and stop the diesel engine manually.
Real-time monitoring of speed, voltage, oil pressure, temperature, etc.
Operation, automatic, startup failure, fault alarm and other indications.
Alarms for low voltage, low oil pressure, high water temperature, startup failure, etc.
Run tests weekly.
Automatic charging.
Overspeed shutdown.
Stress and incident records
- Protection level: IP55

- Maintenance-free lead-acid battery.
- Use two 12V-150AH or 12V-200AH batteries in series to provide 24V voltage.
- Dual-battery starting system uses four batteries, two in series and two in parallel.
- Each set of batteries has an independent charger for charging.
- When the engine is running, the diesel engine’s built-in generator can charge the battery.

Main features of fuel tank:
- Designed to meet UL142 and NFPA30 requirements.
- Fire pump applications sized to NFPA20 regulations.
- Production, inspection and testing before shipment to prevent leakage.
- High quality accessories and manufacturing materials.
- Solid lifting lugs and supporting legs.
- Carbon steel body.
- Carbon steel tank painted RAL3020.
- High-quality welding technology ensures the quality of each oil storage tank.
- You can check the fuel level through the fuel tank level indicator
- Equipped with an exhaust port to prevent the pressure inside the tank from increasing and damaging the tank during filling, emptying or temperature changes.
Fuel tank size and accessories:
| Fuel tank size | |||
| Capacity(L) | Diameter(mm) | Length(mm) | Width(mm) |
| 300 | 650 | 950 | 400 |
| 500 | 800 | 1100 | 500 |
| 700 | 880 | 1250 | 550 |
| 1000 | 1000 | 1350 | 700 |
| 1500 | 1150 | 1500 | 800 |
| 2000 | 1400 | 1500 | 900 |
| Accessories | |||
| serial number | describe | Material | quantity |
| 1 | Fuel tank level indicator | plastic | 1 |
| 2 | oil filler | carbon steel | 1 |
| 3 | filling cap | 1 | |
| 4 | exhaust pipe | 1 | |
| 5 | Oil inlet and return port joints | 1 | |
| 6 | ball valve | 1 | |
| 7 | ball valve | 1 | |
| 8 | Fuel tank bracket | 1 | |

Design Features
- The control cabinet, diesel engine, pump, fuel tank, etc. are all UL certified and comply with NFPA20 specifications.
- Equipped with two battery packs as main battery pack and backup battery pack.
- The battery pack meets the requirements of 6 starting cycles and is still guaranteed to meet the power supply needs for at least 72 hours.
- Calculate the fuel tank capacity in accordance with NFPA 20 requirements based on the engine power used.
Model naming

Scope of supply
- The normal scope of supply includes:
Pump set, fuel tank, battery, control cabinet;
Diesel engine random spare parts;
Exhaust bellows and muffler;
The connecting cable bundle between the control cabinet and the control box next to the machine (5 meters in length);
Fuel tank and battery bracket.
The oil supply and return pipeline between the diesel engine and the fuel tank is 10 meters,
- Note: In addition to the bellows and muffler, other pipes, elbows, reducers, etc. in the exhaust system are not included in the scope of supply.

Application of container-type fire pump room
It can be placed anywhere in a building or factory, providing a very concise operating space and easy to control valves and equipment within the system.
Advantages of container-type fire pump room
- In case of emergency maintenance, the equipment is easily accessible for inspection and maintenance.
- Efficient system operation and high-performance diesel engine.
- Easy to monitor the performance of system operation.
- The diesel engine and control system have been tested for function and performance before leaving the factory.
- The performance and pressure test of fire pumps are all tested in the factory to ensure compliance with standard specifications.
- Perform hydrostatic tests to detect leaks in pipes and systems.
- Provide maintenance personnel and operators with a safe, convenient and comfortable working environment without disturbing the environment.
- All container fire protection systems have flow meters that can continuously measure system performance.
- On the discharge side of the pump, use a standard, easy-to-maintain check valve.
- The elastic pin coupling is used to connect the pump and the engine, which is convenient and simple to maintain.
- The container fire protection system can choose a variety of pump types with a wide range of parameters to meet fire protection needs.
Kaiquan has many years of experience in the fire protection industry and can provide all necessary on-site installation accessories for fire pump systems.
advantage:
- The pipeline design is simple and convenient.
- A complete fire protection system that meets the requirements of NFPA20.
- Avoid the shortage or loss of various materials that may be caused by on-site installation.
- Improve construction speed and reduce on-site installation time.
- Only external suction line, discharge line and power supply connections are required.
- State-of-the-art engineering design solutions.
Optional pumps for skid-mounted diesel engine fire pump units include end-suction fire pumps and split-type centrifugal fire pumps. It can be designed as a single diesel engine fire protection system, one electric and one diesel fire protection system, or two diesel engine fire protection systems.

| 1 | Diesel engines | 10 | Check valve (pump discharge) |
| 2 | dash board | 11 | pressure relief valve |
| 3 | fire pump controller | 12 | pressure relief cone |
| 4 | Stabilizer pump controller | 13 | water pump |
| 5 | Auto exhaust valve | 14 | OS&Y gate valve (suction control valve) |
| 6 | Stabilizer pump | 15 | storage battery |
| 7 | Stabilizing pipeline | 16 | flow meter |
| 8 | Indicator gate or butterfly valve (discharge control valve) | 17 | Fuel tank |
| 9 | Indicating gate valve or butterfly valve (test control valve) |
Diesel engine
- Diesel engines used in fire pumps must be reliable, Class 1, and dedicated to fire protection systems.
- Must be equipped with a test function that can be run regularly or manually for at least 30 minutes every week.
- Engine power must be at least 10% more than the maximum required shaft power.
- When selecting engine power, factors such as ambient temperature and altitude must be taken into consideration, and necessary corrections must be made.
- The pump-engine connection must use a flexible coupling.
- Must be equipped with an “overspeed stop device”, which can automatically stop the engine when the engine overspeeds.
- Must be equipped with engine tachometer.
- An oil pressure gauge must be equipped to indicate the engine oil pressure.
- Must be equipped with a temperature indicator to indicate the temperature of the engine coolant.
- All engine equipment must be secured to appropriate panels.
- All cables that must be connected to the control unit must be connected to the terminals before leaving the factory.
- Must be started via battery pack.
- There must be two battery groups, divided into main battery group and backup battery group.
- The capacity of each battery pack must meet a 3-minute cycle (6 consecutive cycles, 15 seconds to start, 15 seconds to stop).
- The battery contactor must be manually mechanically operable to supply power to the starter motor in the event of a control circuit failure.
- The capacity of the fuel tank should be calculated based on the engine power and the regulations in NFPA20.
- Certified diesel engine type
– Water/air cooling (with radiator)
– Water cooling (with heat exchanger)
- Conventional diesel engine type;
– Air cooling
– water cooling
| Diesel engines that can be matched with each pump | ||
| pump type | diesel engine | |
| certified | regular | |
| End suction fire pump | √ | √ |
| Split centrifugal fire pump | √ | √ |
- Valve can be selected from the table below according to the rated flow rate of the pump.
- The connection to the control unit must be ensured via the suction line riser, discharge line riser or butterfly valve and valve monitoring switch (optional).
- If the pump suction flange and suction pipe have different diameters, an eccentric reducer must be used. (Do not reduce the suction diameter of the pump)
- If the pump discharge flange and discharge pipe have different diameters, an eccentric reducer must be used.
- Fire pumps must be equipped with casing safety valves, automatic exhaust valves (in pumps with horizontally separated casings) and pressure gauge cooling
General provisions
- The production of control devices must use first-class technology and materials to meet the quality level of international industrial products.
- Controls must be inspected and tested before leaving the factory.
- Terminal connection information must be provided on the controller panel, circuit diagrams, spare lights must be provided and telephone and fax numbers must be consulted if necessary
- The design of the entire control system must be very reliable, and the selection and design of materials should be suitable for various occasions.
- The identification of indicators, buttons and other components must be permanently marked, easy to identify and not easily damaged.
Control cabinet
- The control cabinet must be made of phosphate-treated 7.5 mm sheet metal sprayed with red electrostatic powder (RAL2000 or RAL3020).
- The protection level of the control cabinet must be IP55 to prevent liquid splash, water spray, and dust from entering.
- The control cabinet must be grounded to ensure continuity at every point.
- The control cabinet must be of the surface-mounted (or footed) type and the components required for installation must be supplied with the control cabinet.
- The control cabinet must be equipped with a reliable lockable device that can only be opened with a key.
- There must be no non-standard components on the control cabinet, and the external indicators and control components of the controller must be installed on the fixed plate.
- When the controller is locked, access and manipulation are inaccessible.
- The cable connection terminals must be located under the controller.
Control principle
- The pressure switch that starts and stops the pump must be installed on the system via the pressure measuring line.
- The pump can be operated automatically by a pressure switch or manually by a button on the panel or by a switch connected to the terminals on the controller.
- Must be equipped with a selector switch in the “Auto – Manual” (no closed position) position.
- If the start button is pressed, the pump must run normally until the stop button is pressed, at which point the pump stops.
- Regardless of automatic or manual operation, the pump will stop if the stop button is pressed, and the stop button cannot be of the locking type.
- If there is an automatic shutdown device, the shutdown operation cannot be effected until all conditions have returned to normal and the machine has been operating for at least 10 minutes. The minimum running timer to provide this operation must be internal to the controller.
- There must be two independent operating buttons on the panel. Each button controls the connection of a group of battery banks. The operation of any button should be able to control the pump.
- A weekly scheduled operation function can be configured to automatically run the fire pump for at least 30 minutes at a certain time of the week; by controlling the opening of the solenoid valve on the pressure measurement line, the pressure drop in the system is simulated to start the pump.
- During weekly testing, if low oil pressure or high temperature alarms occur during pump operation, the control system must be able to stop the pump immediately.
- If the pump operates automatically via a pressure switch, it will only stop automatically when an overspeed alarm occurs. In other alarm situations, only the alarm can be issued and the machine cannot be shut down.
- The control unit must be able to start the engine 6 times continuously, starting for 15 seconds and waiting for 15 seconds. If the engine still does not start successfully, the controller must lock the starter motor and alarm.
signal indication
- There must be indicator lights on the panel to indicate the status of the pump set,
- Indicator lights must include at least the following:
- Pump running
- Pump failed to start
- 1# battery pack is low in power
- 2# battery pack is low in power
- 1# battery charging failed
- 2# battery charging failed
- Engine overspeed alarm
- There must be a flashing, audible alarm light on the panel.
- Indicator lights must be long-lasting, highly visible, and easy to replace.
- There must be a logger on the panel that records pressure, date and time, and must be able to operate for at least 24h even if power is lost.
- The panel must have an ammeter and a voltmeter to display the charging current and voltage of the two battery banks respectively.
Performance requirements
- Must be equipped with two independent battery chargers to charge the two battery banks.
- The battery charger must be protected by a fast operating automatic fuse.
- The battery charger must be able to charge according to the battery type and voltage.
- The battery charger must be able to charge a zero-charge battery within 24 hours.
- When the start signal of the pump is received, if the 1# battery pack cannot work, the 2# battery pack must be started automatically and the pump can be successfully operated normally after 30 seconds.
- There must be a timer that records pump operating hours.
- The negative terminals of the battery and controller must be connected to the engine chassis.
- Pumps used in humid environments must have a thermostat-controlled heater to prevent condensation in the control cabinet.
- The connection between the diesel engine and the control cabinet must be connected by cable.
- When the controller fails, it must be possible to operate it via the control unit on the engine.
- It must be possible to automatically open the solenoid valve of the diesel engine coolant line (if equipped) to ensure cooling of the casing.
wiring
- Sleeves must be used for cable entries and exits in the panel.
- All cables must be numbered to avoid disconnection and damage.
- All cables must comply with cable color coding.
- The power access terminal must be directly accessible, and the cables in the cabinet must be fixed and cannot be moved.
- Ground connections and terminals must be independent.
- The cables between the control cabinet and the diesel engine must be in steel mesh conduits.


